List of state leaders in 1478

Africa

Empire of Ethiopia -
1. Baeda Maryam I (1468–1478)
2. Eskender (1478–1494)
- Adal Sultanate - Shams ad-Din ibn Muhammad (1472–1488)
Kingdom of Kongo - João I, Manikongo (1470–1509)
Songhai Empire - Sunni Ali (1464–1492)

China (Ming Dynasty) - Chenghua Emperor (1464–1487)
Japan (Muromachi period)
- Monarch - Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado (1464–1500)
- Shogun (Ashikaga) - Ashikaga Yoshihisa (1473–1489)
Jaunpur Sultanate - Hussain Shah, Sultan of Jaunpur (1458-1479)
Korea (Joseon Dynasty) - Seongjong (1469–1494)
Ryūkyū Kingdom - Shō Shin (1477–1526)

Kingdom of Aragon - John II (1458–1479)
Duchy of Burgundy - Mary (1477–1482)
Crown of Castile - Isabella I (1474–1504)
Crimean Khanate - Meñli I Giray (1478–1515)
Denmark and Norway - Christopher I, King of Denmark (1448–1481), King of Norway (1450–1481)
Kingdom of England - (House of York) - Edward IV (1461–1470 and 1471–1483)
Kingdom of France (Valois Dynasty) - Louis XI (1461–1483)
Holy Roman Empire - Frederick III (1452–1493)
- Kingdom of Bohemia - Ladislaus II (1471–1516)
Kingdom of Hungary - Matthias Corvinus (1458–1490)
Kingdom of León - Isabella I of Castile (1474–1504)
Polish–Lithuanian union - Casimir IV, Grand Prince of Lithuania (1440–1492), King of Poland (1447–1492)
Ottoman (Turkish) Empire - Mehmet II, the Conqueror, Ottoman Sultan (1451–1481)
Kingdom of Portugal - Afonso V (1438–1481)
Russia - Ivan III the Great, Grand Duke of Muscovy (1462–1505)
Kingdom of Scotland - James III (1460–1488)
Kingdom of Sweden - Sten Sture the Elder, Regent (1470–1497, 1501–1503)
Principality of Tver - Mikhail III, Grand Prince of Tver (1461–1485)
Republic of Venice - Giovanni Mocenigo, Doge of Venice (1478–1485)